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1.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 44(1): 179-188, 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-676903

ABSTRACT

To assess the potency of the PPD-mallein produced in Brazil, five animals were from a property identified as a focus of glanders. These animals had suggestive clinical signs of the disease and the other five, from a property free from glanders, showed no clinical signs and were serology negative (control group). PPD-mallein from Burkholderia mallei was obtained by precipitation with trichlo-roa-cetic acid and ammonium sulfate. The animals were inoculated according to the criteria established by Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) for the diagnosis of glanders. After 48 h of application of PPD-mallein, there was swelling in the area of application, presence of ocular secretion and tears in sick animals. The control group showed no inflammatory reaction at the site of inoculation of PPD-mallein. This immunogen produced in Brazil and still being tested was effective for identifying the infection in true positive animals and excluding the truly negative ones, being a new possibility for diagnosis and control of glanders.


Subject(s)
Animals , Acids , Burkholderia mallei/immunology , Burkholderia mallei/isolation & purification , Equidae , Glanders , Horses , Ammonium Sulfate/analysis , Trichloroethanes/analysis , Vaccines, Synthetic , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Methods
2.
Emerg. infect. dis ; Vol9(8): 960-964, 2003.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1261645

ABSTRACT

Although dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) is being banned worldwide; countries in sub-Saharan Africa have sought exemptions for malaria control. Few studies show illness in children from the use of DDT; and the possibility of risks to them from DDT use has been minimized.However; plausible if inconclusive studies associate DDT with more preterm births and shorter duration of lactation; which raise the possibility that DDT does indeed have such toxicity. Assuming that these associations are causal; we estimated the increase in infant deaths that might result from DDT spraying. The estimated increases are of the same order of magnitude as the decreases from effective malaria control. Unintended consequences of DDT use need to be part of the discussion of modern vector control policy


Subject(s)
Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene , Malaria , Trichloroethanes
3.
Salud trab. (Maracay) ; 2(1): 5-34, ene. 1994. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-142422

ABSTRACT

La neurotoxicidad es un grave problema de salud pública debido al incremento de sustancias neurotóxicas y a la gran cantidad de trabajadores expuestos. Gran cantidad de sustancias de uso común en la industria. Tales como solventes, metales y plaguicidas, provocan alteraciones neurotóxicas a concentraciones por debajo de los límites permisibles, produciendo cambios importantes en la función psicológica y el comportamiento, que se expresan en trastornos funcionales que interfieren en las tareas cotídianas e incrementan la accidentabilidad. En este artículo se revisa la literatura científica sobre los efectos neurotóxicos de solventes, plomo, mercurio y plaguicidas, y se comentan aspectos metodológicos de interés para el diseño de investigaciones epidemiológicas. Como conclusión, es notoria la existencia de evidencias que demuestran el efecto neurotóxico de gran cantidad de sustancias usadas en la industria. Así mismo, consideramos importante continuar realizando investigaciones sobre el tema, y sobre todo, La necesidad de tomar medidas preventivas para proteger la salud del trabajador


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Pesticides/adverse effects , Solvents/toxicity , Tetrachloroethylene/adverse effects , Toluene/adverse effects , Trichloroethanes/adverse effects , Trichloroethylene/adverse effects , Occupational Risks , Carbon Disulfide/adverse effects , Lead/adverse effects , Mercury/adverse effects , Methyl Chloride/adverse effects , Methylene Chloride/adverse effects , Nervous System/pathology
4.
Rev. farm. bioquim. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 29(1): 47-52, jan.-jun. 1993. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-128654

ABSTRACT

O tricloretanol (TCE), produto de biotransformacao dos solventes 1,1,1-tricloretano (1,1,1-TRI) e tricloretileno, e usado como indicador biologico de dose interna na vigilancia de individuos expostos ocupacionalmente a estes compostos. Neste trabalho foi realizada a otimizacao de metodo espectrofotometrico e cromatografico em fase gasosa para a determinacao do TCE, bem como se estudou a aplicacao destes metodos a analise de urina de trabalhadores expostos ao 1,1,1-TRI. A analise cromatografica com detector de captura eletronica foi efetuada em coluna SE-30 - 15//, usando-se o diclorobenzeno como padrao externo. Ambos os metodos mostraram precisao e recuperacao adequados, respectivamente de 2,2//de CV e 95,6//para o espectrofotometrico e de 2,3//de CV e 95,1//para o cromatografico. O teor medio de tricloretanol em urina, expresso em mg/g de creatinina, foi de 4,4 quando usada a espectrofotometria e de 2,4 pela cromatografia, para o grupo de individuos expostos ao 1,1,1-tricloretano. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a maior sensibilidade e especificidade da cromatografia em fase gasosa na determinacao do tricloretanol em urina


Subject(s)
Humans , Biotransformation , Chromatography, Gas , Indicators and Reagents/analysis , Solvents/analysis , Spectrophotometry , Trichloroethanes/urine , Trichloroethylene/urine , Occupational Health
5.
Rev. bras. saúde ocup ; 19(74): 43-51, jul.-dez. 1991. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-113852

ABSTRACT

Säo solventes de ampla utilizaçäo industrial empregados, principalmente, nas operaçöes de desengraxamento de peças metálicas. O desenvolvimento significativo das indústrias mecânicas brasileiras sugere a larga utilizaçäo desses agentes e, consequentemente, um grande número de indivíduos expostos, sendo a exposiçäo ocupacional a principal causa de intoxicaçäo. Nesta revisäo objetivou-se apresentar as propriedades físico-químicas destas substâncias, as condiçöes que afetam suas biodisponibilidades químicas e seus efeitos tóxicos, conhecimentos necessários para a implantaçäo de um programa adequado de monitorizaçäo biológica.


Subject(s)
Environmental Monitoring , Occupational Exposure , Tetrachloroethylene/toxicity , Trichloroethanes/toxicity , Trichloroethylene/toxicity
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